We're number one - and it's not in a good way:
"Over 9 million people are held in penal institutions throughout the world, mostly as pre-trial detainees (remand prisoners) or having been convictedand sentenced. Almost half of these are in the United States (2.09m), China (1.55m plus pretrial detainees and prisoners in ‘administrative detention’) or Russia (0.76m).
The United States has the highest prison population rate in the world, some 714 per 100,000 of the national population, followed by Belarus, Bermuda and Russia (all 532), Palau (523), U.S. Virgin Islands (490), Turkmenistan (489), Cuba (487), Suriname (437), Cayman Islands (429), Belize (420), Ukraine (417), Maldive Islands (416), St Kitts and Nevis (415), South Africa (413) and Bahamas
(410)."
http://www.kcl.ac.uk/depsta/rel/icps/world-prison-population-list-2005.pdf
Life Expectancy: The US vs. The Rest of the World